Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Nei 1987 Pdf 291

We have identified 2466 Nox1 orthologs from four fish genomes: the Oryzias latipes, Danio rerio, Takifugu rubripes, and Tetraodon nigroviridis. Two of these fish possess a single Nox ortholog, the remaining two possess two Nox orthologs. The sequences of the Oryzias latipes Nox1 have been lost from the databases. As such, we have used the Nox1 sequences from Tetraodon nigroviridis and Danio rerio as surrogates for the missing Oryzias latipes Nox1 sequence. This has allowed us to characterize the Nox1 orthologs of vertebrate species from six lineages (five teleosts and one tetrapod). This orthologous group will constitute a data-set that will be useful for future studies that are focused on molecular evolution of this particular enzyme. We have found that the Nox1 orthologs of non-mammalian species evolved more quickly than their mammalian counterparts, but that there was no evidence for a loss in sequence between fish and mammals. The orthologs of the Nox2 and Nox4 subfamilies evolved at about the same rate as Nox1 orthologs and were about 15% slower than the Nox1 orthologs. Thus, the faster evolution of Nox2 and Nox4 orthologs was independent of their phylogenetic position in the vertebrate lineage. The Nox3 subfamily is the most recent (having evolved since the split of the vertebrates from the invertebrates) and, in contrast to the other Nox subfamilies, experienced a massive burst of gene duplications during vertebrate evolution. Thus, the Nox3 gene subfamily evolved at a rate that was 2.5 times faster than the Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4 subfamilies. Within the vertebrate lineage, Nox3 orthologs were the fastest evolving Nox orthologs in all four fish species examined (Figure 4).

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